minted（天启通宝背十一两）

明朝天启通宝十一两，明熹宗天启元年1621年8月，补铸完泰昌通宝之后开出天启通宝，天启通宝初铸为小平钱，天启二年7月开始铸造当十大钱，并且在天启五年十月，因官，私所铸大钱过多过劣，下令停铸，并由朝廷出白银回收折十钱，因此大钱铸期不过三年。天启通宝折十钱也分背无文和背有文两类，背文比较复杂，

有沿洪武折十钱式，背记值，记重置十一两的，有置十一两并置日月纹，有置记地，记值镇十的，有记值，记重并记密十一两，有仅作记地府的，有仅记值十字的，记值十字有置穿上，穿下，穿右各式，还有光背的。当时全国设炉比前大大增加，计有156座，各地所铸难免不够统一，背文所以会有如此差异，天启通宝十一辆尺寸在47毫米至48毫米之间，重37克左右，明代以前约合3.7克，一两便是37克。

只有重量达到37克才符合背文一两记重的含义，折十钱初期铸造都是足重的，后期开始钱局偷工减料谋取私利，造成大量不足重的钱币在市场流通，明朝自永乐朝起，钱制简单，仅铸行小平钱一种，素背，仅嘉靖朝所铸大钱例外。万历时期虽钱背又出现了记地，记局名等文字，或星，月标记，但还较少见，除铸小平钱外只加铸折二一等，所以明代钱制的复杂时期是以天启朝为起点的，具有很高的收藏价值。

The Tianqi Tongbao of the Ming Dynasty was eleven liang. In August 1621, the first year of the Tianqi reign of the Emperor Xizong of the Ming Dynasty, after the Taichang Tongbao was re cast, the Tianqi Tongbao was issued. The Tianqi Tongbao was initially cast as a small flat coin. In July of the second year of the Tianqi reign, it began to cast ten large coins. In October of the fifth year of the Tianqi reign, because of the excessive amount of large coins cast by officials and private individuals, it was ordered to stop casting, and the court gave silver to recover ten coins, so the casting period of large coins was only three years. The Ten Coins of the Tianqi Tongbao can also be divided into two categories: the "Ten Coins with No Words" and the "Ten Coins with Words". The inscriptions are more complicated, including the "Ten Coins with Words" style along Hongwu, the "Ten Coins with Values" style, the "Ten Coins with Values" style, the "Ten Coins with Values" style, the "Ten Coins with Values" style, the "Ten Coins with Values" style, the "Ten Coins with Values" style, the "Ten Coins with Values" style, the "Ten Coins with Values" style, the "Ten Coins with Values" style, the "Ten Coins with Values" style, the "Ten Coins. At that time, the number of furnaces in the country was greatly increased, with 156 in total. It was inevitable that the casting was not uniform in different places. Therefore, the inscriptions on the back were so different. The eleven Tianqi Tongbao vehicles were 47 mm to 48 mm in size, weighing about 37 grams. Before the Ming Dynasty, they were about 3.7 grams, and one or two were 37 grams. Only when the weight reaches 37 grams can it meet the meaning of memorizing one or two coins. At the beginning of the period, ten coins were minted with full weight. Later, the money bureau began to cut corners for personal gain, resulting in a large number of coins with less weight circulating in the market. Since the Yongle Dynasty in the Ming Dynasty, the money system was simple. Only small flat coins were minted, and plain backs were minted, with the exception of large coins minted in the Jiajing Dynasty. In the Wanli period, although there were some characters on the back of the coins, such as the names of places and bureaus, or stars and months, they were rare. In addition to the small flat coins, only the second class coins were cast. Therefore, the complex period of the Ming Dynasty's money system started with the Tianqi Dynasty, which has a high collection value.